During 2016 and 2017, more than 46,000 migrants were and civil society actors close to the Italian coast. The numbers have declined considerably in the past two years. NGOs are, nevertheless, still the largest single actor in search and rescue in the area apart from the , after Italy and the EU delegated increased responsibilities on this matter to Libya during the last year. As pointed out by previous contributions on this these activities have been subjected to various such as seizure of rescue vessels, arrests of crew members, and initiation of legal procedures against them.
Franko, Katja & Maria Gabrielsen Jumbert (2020) The controversial lifesavers: NGO Search and rescue in the Mediterranean, Border Criminologies. 23 March.
